Interventional radiologists at Sutter Medical Center are highly skilled at the use of catheters and image guidance to diagnose and treat everything from cancer to blocked blood vessels. Sutter’s Interventional Radiology team utilizes minimally-invasive image-guided procedures. Their goal is to use the least invasive techniques available so patients can get back to their normal lifestyle.

Patients are commonly referred to interventional radiologists for biopsies as well as for treatment of blocked blood vessels, internal bleeding, ballooning of a blood vessel (aneurysm), blocked dialysis graft, blocked bile ducts, or many other conditions. The list of conditions for which interventional radiology is effective continues to grow as new procedures are developed.

Neuroradiology Interventions

Interventional neuroradiology is a subspecialty performed by highly trained and skilled physicians to treat vascular anomalies including stroke, brain tumors and cerebral aneurisms. Benefits of these minimally invasive techniques include fewer complications, less pain and faster recovery times. The advanced procedures we use include:

• Acute Stroke Therapy
• Aneurysm Embolization
• Carotid Stenting
• Arterial Venous Malformation Embolization
• Dural Arterial Venous Fistula Embolization
• Carotid Cavernous Fistula Embolization
• Epistaxis Embolization

Vascular Treatments

As we age, it is common to develop hardening of the arteries, usually caused by buildup of plaque, and poor circulation due to inactivity or diseases such as diabetes. We offer a number of minimally invasive solutions.

• Thrombolytic Therapy — A treatment for stroke and deep venous thrombosis (DVT), which can occur when a clot, called a thrombus, blocks blood flow in the brain or deep leg vein. Clot-busting medication is delivered via a catheter. For patients with DVT who cannot have thrombolysis, the interventional radiologist can insert a tiny filter to catch the clot if it breaks loose to prevent pulmonary embolism.
• Angioplasty and Stenting — To treat peripheral arterial disease (PAD), a catheter with a tiny balloon attached is advanced into the blocked or narrowed blood vessel through a small incision in the skin under image guidance until it reaches the blockage, where the balloon is inflated to open the artery.
• Atherectomy — Most often caused by the buildup of plaque in the vessels, PAD is a serious condition that can result in amputation if not treated. You can be screened for the disease using the ankle-brachial index test, which compares blood pressure in the arm and ankle. In addition to angioplasty and stenting, you may be a candidate for atherectomy, in which catheters bearing tiny tools are used to shave plaque from the inside of the arteries under image guidance.
• Testicular Varicocele Treatment — A varicose vein of the testicle or scrotum can impair the valves that facilitate the blood flow, causing it to pool in the vein. A source of pain, shrinking of the testicle and a possible factor in male infertility, the varicocele can be embolized, a minimally invasive treatment that cuts off the blood flow to the defective vein.
• Radiofrequency Ablation — Treatments for varicose veins and venous insufficiency, which occur due to damaged valves that cause blood to pool in the veins and result in leg pain, fatigue and sometimes ulcers. Vein ablation applies radiofrequency energy to seal the vein; sclerotherapy uses a fine needle to inject a fluid that shrinks spider veins and varicose veins; and microphlebectomy removes bulging varicose veins through tiny incisions in the leg using specially designed tools, all done under local anesthesia in about an hour or less.
• Microwave Radiation—In some cases, venous valves may not operate correctly and allow the blood stream to reverse its flow when you sit or stand. This procedure delivers microwave radiation  through a catheter to seal these veins and stop the reverse blood flow.

Neurovascular Interventions

• Acute Stroke Therapy
• Aneurysm Embolization
• Carotid Stenting
• Arterial Venous Malformation Embolization
• Dural Arterial Venous Fistula Embolization
• Carotid Cavernous Fistula Embolization
• Epistaxis Embolization

Cancer Interventions

• Chemoembolization — A minimally invasive treatment for liver and lung cancer that delivers a dose of chemotherapy directly to the affected organ
• Cryoablation — A needle is inserted through the skin directly into the tumor in the liver, lung, kidney or bone to apply a small amount of extremely cold gas, which forms an ice ball around a tumor to kill it.
• Radioembolization with Yttrium-90 — Tiny beads containing the radiopharmaceutical Yttrium-90 are injected into the artery supplying the liver with blood to apply radiation directly to liver cancer, minimizing exposure to healthy tissue.
• Radiofrequency Ablation — Use of a needle to apply radiofrequency energy directly to a tumor to kill cancer cells in inoperable liver, kidney, lung, and bone cancer.

Other Treatment

• Dialysis Access — For patients with kidney disease expected to need dialysis, a central venous catheter may be inserted to facilitate the dialysis process.
• Uterine Fibroid Embolization — Benign tumors that commonly develop in the walls of the uterus can be treated using a catheter to insert tiny particles into the uterine artery to cut off blood flow to the tumor and shrink the fibroid.
• Vertebroplasty — Used to stabilize and treat the pain associated with vertebral compression fractures through the injection of specially formulated bone cement directly into the spine.