One of the most difficult aspects of having a traumatic brain injury is that it can make speaking and articulating thoughts extremely hard. If your friend or loved one is having trouble communicating following a traumatic brain injury, try these strategies to help them cope.

• Be sure they can see your face when you speak.
• Stand about 2 to 5 feet away from them.
• Make sure they are in a comfortable position, such as sitting down.
• Reduce distractions such as noise from televisions or radios.
• Make sure to get their attention before you start talking.
• Speak slowly, simply and clearly.
• Talk about subjects that are of a personal nature, or of specific interest to the person.
• Stay on one subject at a time. Avoid jumping from one topic to another.
• Use short, complete sentences.
• Pause between sentences.
• Repeat and reword or rephrase what you say.
• Use gestures and facial expressions to help illustrate what you’re saying.
• Allow time for responses. Don't rush the person.
• Pay attention to their facial expressions and body language. Are they interested, happy, bored, upset, sad, worried or impatient?
• Treat them with respect. Remember, they are able to understand more than their ability to communicate indicates. Include them in your conversations.
• Allow for rest periods. Reduce stimulation and activity when they are tired.