Spinal decompression is essentially a surgery to remove pressure on the spinal cord or nerves within the spinal canal. Depending on the location and severity of the problem, the surgery involves removing parts of the non-essential bone, ligaments, capsule and other tissues, to relieve the nerves that pass through that area.

Of course, there is a small risk of nerve injury. There are also risks of bleeding and hematoma formation, infection, dura tear causing 'spinal headaches', and inadequate relief of the nerve pain. Before any surgery, your surgeon will discuss particular risks with you.